Hoe een spray van DMSO bereiden?

Gepubliceerd in de International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding Nov/Dec 1999

Rx Dimethyl sulfoxide 70g Alcohol 95% or purified water 30g

METHOD OF PREPARATION

1. Calculate the required quantity of each ingredient for the to tal amount to be prepared.
2. Accurately weigh/measure each ingredient.
3. In a suitable container, mix the two liquids.
4. Package and label.

Note: A gelling agent can be added if desired to aid in the preparation’s adherence to the skin.

PACKAGING
Package in tight, light-resistant containers.

LABELING
For external use only. Use only as directed.

DISCUSSION
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, C2H6OS, MW 78.14) is a color- less, hygroscopic liquid that is odorless or almost odorless. In the Merck Index, it is listed as a very hygroscopic liquid with a slightly bitter taste with a sweet aftertaste. It is described as soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, ether, benzene and chloroform. Dimethyl sulfoxide has been used topically as an effective treatment for arthritis for many years but has never gained widespread acceptance for this specific application; it continues to be the subject of clinical arthritis investigations. For arthritis, the solution is applied three to four times daily and allowed to evaporate to dryness after each application. The selection of either alcohol or water as a diluent is based on the desired speed of evaporation of the preparation. The aqueous solution takes longer to evaporate from the skin, which may be an inconvenience to some patients, in which case the alcoholic solution may be preferred. Clinically, high concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide applied to the skin may cause burning discomfort, itching, erythema, vesiculation and urticaria. Systemic effects can include gastroin- testinal disturbances, drowsiness, headache and hypersensitivity reactions; a garlic odor on the breath is common and is attributed to the formation of dimethyl sulfide. It is readily absorbed after administration by all routes and is metabolized by oxidation to dimethyl sulfone and by reduction to dimethyl sulfide. The dimethyl sulfoxide and the sulfone metabolite are excreted in the urine and feces and the dimethyl sulfide is excreted through the lungs and skin.2 Dimethyl sulfoxide is reported to have wide pharmacological activity, including anti-inflammatory effects, local analgesia, weak bacteriostasis, diuresis, vasodilatation, collagen dissolution and free-radical scavenging effects. It is used as a commercially avail- able 50% aqueous solution for bladder instillation for the symp- tomatic relief of interstitial cystitis, and as a solvent and penetration-enhancing agent for certain drugs for topical use.

References

1. United States Pharmacopeia XXIII/National Formulary 18. Rockville, MD, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., 1995, pp 3531-3535, 2084.
2. Reynolds JEF (ed). MARTINDALE: The Extra Pharmacopoeia, ed 30. London, The Pharmaceutical Press, 1993, pp 1101- 1102.
3. Budavari S (ed). The Merck Index, ed 12. Whitehouse Station, NJ, Merck & Co., Inc., 1996, p 551.
4. Lewis SJ. Alcohol. In Wade A, Weller PJ (eds). Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, ed 2. Washington, DC, American Pharmaceutical Association, 1994, pp 7-9.
5. Horry JM, Nash RA. Water. In Wade A, Weller PJ (eds). Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, ed 2. Washington, DC, American Pharmaceutical Association, 1994, pp 546-549.